| CONTENTS |
| Topics |
Content |
Periods |
| 01 |
Ginning and Baling |
03 |
| 01.01 |
Objects of Ginning. |
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| 01.02 |
Lints and Linters. |
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| 01.03 |
Different types of Ginning Machine (Description and Working): Macarthy Roller Gin, Saw Gin and Knife Roller Gin. |
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| 01.04 |
Defects in ginning of cotton. |
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| 01.05 |
Importance of proper ginning. |
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| 01.06 |
Objects of baling. |
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| 01.07 |
Different types of baling. |
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| 01.08 |
Forms of cotton bale. |
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| 02 |
Mixing and Blending |
03 |
| 02.01 |
Definition and objects; difference between mixing and blending. |
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| 02.02 |
Selection of fibres. |
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| 02.03 |
Types of mixing: Bin mixing, Stack mixing. |
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| 02.04 |
Places of mixing: Blow-room mixing, Carding, Draw frame mixing and blending. |
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| 02.05 |
Condition of Bale Cotton. |
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| 02.06 |
Mixing Bale Opener (MBO). |
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| 02.07 |
Uses of Anti-Static Reagent in mixing. |
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| 02.08 |
Tinting of the fibres in mixing. |
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| 02.09 |
Importance of mixing and blending. |
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| 03 |
Blow Room |
25 |
| 03.01 |
Objects. |
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| 03.02 |
Principle of Opening and Cleaning. |
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| 03.03 |
Blow Room Machines (Description and Working): Hopper Bale Breaker and Hopper Feeder. Types of conventional openers, cleaners and beaters: Vertical opener, Porcupine opener, two and three bladed beater, Kirschner beater. Improved openers, cleaners and beaters: Twin opener, Step cleaner (or ultra cleaner), S.R.R.L. opener, Air jet cleaner (or Air Stream cleaner), Shirley opener. Recent developments in beaters, openers and cleaners: Porcupine beater, Axiflow cleaner/ Spiro cleaner, Mono cylinder cleaner, ERM cleaner, cleaner R.K. |
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| 03.04 |
Lap Forming/ Chute Feed System |
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| 03.04.01 |
Detailed study of conventional Scutchers. Principle and Working of Piano Feed Regulating Motion. Principle of Cone Drum, Designing of Cone Drum and Use of Cone Drum. Lap Forming Unit. Doffing Mechanism. |
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| 03.04.02 |
Automatic Modern Scutchers (details). Trutzchler Automatic Scutcher: Condenser, Pneuma feeder, beater section and lap formation. Hergeth's Automatic Scutcher. |
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| 03.05 |
Ancilliary Equipments: Cotton conveying - Lattice conveying and pneumatic conveying. Delivery cages, condenser, distributors, filters and dust trunk, grid bars and leaf bars, safety devices, micro-dust separators, gravity traps etc. |
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| 03.06 |
Major and minor cleaning point. |
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| 03.07 |
Beating points and cleaning efficiency, blow room waste. |
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| 03.08 |
Modern blow room. |
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| 03.08.01 |
Types of modern blenders: Fibre meter, diesel blenders, auto mixer, karasousel, trutzschler multimixer, aero mix. |
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| 03.08.02 |
Study of bale pluckers: Blendomat - BDT - M/S Trutzschler (Programmable bale opener). Blending Grab MG 30 - M/S Ingolstandt. Uni-Floc Bale opener - M/S Reiter. |
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| 03.09 |
Difference between modern and conventional blow room. |
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| 03.10 |
Brief idea about the selection of blow room line (or machinery) for various types cotton, P/V, P/C blends etc. Modern blow room line. |
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| 03.11 |
Calculation regarding speed, production, efficiency, waste extraction, hank of lap etc. |
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| 03.12 |
Process paraters, quality norms, laps defects and characteristics of good lap. |
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| 04 |
Carding |
08 |
| 04.01 |
Principles and objects of Carding. |
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| 04.02 |
Detail study of Revolving Flat Card. |
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| 04.03 |
Constructional features and working details of Licker-in, cylinders, flats, doffers, feed roller, mote knives, Licker-in undercasting, back plate, cylinder-undercasting, front plate, doffer comb, trumpet, calendar roller and coiler roller. |
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| 04.04 |
Settings of the various parts of the card. |
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| 04.05 |
Card Stripping: Roller stripping, Vacuum stripping, Continuous stripping. |
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| 04.06 |
Card Grinding: Long roller grinding, Traverse grinding. |
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| 04.07 |
Card Clothing: Metallic clothing, clothing with metallic wires, advantages and disadvantages of metallic clothing. Flexible clothing - Foundation, wire clothing construction, types of card clothing, setting of card clothing. Comparison of flexible-wire and metallic-wire card clothing. |
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| 04.08 |
Study of semi high speed and high speed cards and their comparison. |
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| 04.09 |
Card waste and its control, importance of proper carding. |
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| 04.10 |
Cleaning efficiency. |
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| 04.11 |
Doffing device. |
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| 04.12 |
Quality control in carding, process parameters. |
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| 04.13 |
Chute Feed System. |
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| 04.14 |
Fibre loading on wire surface of card. Card sliver defects. |
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| 04.15 |
Calculation regarding speeds, drafts, production, waste percentage, hank of slivers etc. |
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| 04.16 |
Productivity and modernization of card, Tomdem card. |
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| 04.17 |
Effect of poor carding performance. |
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| 05 |
Draw Frame |
07 |
| 05.01 |
Principles and objects. |
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| 05.02 |
Construction and Working of conventional draw frame (detail). |
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| 05.03 |
Drafting system: Graduated drafting system, and Shierley drafting system. |
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| 05.04 |
Principle of roller drafting and its limitations. |
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| 05.05 |
Roller slip and its remedies. |
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| 05.06 |
Roller Weighting: Dead weighting, Self weighting, Spring weighting, Pneumatic weighting, and Magnetic weighting. |
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| 05.07 |
Roller settings. |
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| 05.08 |
Can Motion. |
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| 05.09 |
Improved Drafting System: The 3-over-3 system, 2-over-3 system, Platt Pressure-bar system, S.A.C.M. 4-over-4 system, Whitin 4-over-5 system, Saco-Lowell 3-over-4 (shaw) system, and Rieter 3-over-5 system. |
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| 05.10 |
Novel Features of Modern Draw Frames: Rieter Draw Frame, S.A.C.M. Draw Frame, Saco-Lowell, Versa-Matic Draw Frame, and Zinser Draw Frame. |
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| 05.11 |
Salient Features of Modern Draw Frame. |
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| 05.12 |
The Saco-Lowell-Uster Versa-Matic ADC Draw Frame. |
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| 05.13 |
Stop Motion, Tension draft, Auto-levelers and their performance. |
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| 05.14 |
Sliver irregularity and process control in draw frame. |
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| 05.15 |
Calculation regarding speed, draft and production. |
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| 06 |
Combing |
04 |
| 06.01 |
Objects. |
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| 06.02 |
Preparation of the material for combing: Sliver-Lap Machine, Ribbon-Lap Machine, and Super-Lap Machine. |
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| 06.03 |
Salient features of modern lap preparation system. |
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| 06.04 |
Lakshmi Rieter's Sliver-Lap/ Ribbon Lap system. |
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| 06.05 |
Lap Former. |
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| 06.06 |
Effects of Hooks on Comber lap preparation. |
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| 06.07 |
Presence of long fibres in the waste. |
|
| Recommended Books |
| SL |
Title/Publisher |
Author |
| 1. |
Cotton Spinning - Combined |
Taggart |
| 2. |
Essential Elements of Practical Cotton Spinning |
Pattabhiram |
| 3. |
Cotton Opening and Picking |
Merrill |
| 4. |
Cotton Carding |
Merrill |
| 5. |
Cotton Drawing and Roving |
Merrill |
| 6. |
Cotton Combing |
Merrill |
| 7. |
Spun Yarn Technology, Volume - I, II, III |
V. Subramaniam |
| 8. |
Manual of Cotton Spinning, Volume I-IV |
Textile Institute |
| 9. |
The Technology of Short Staple Spinning (Series) |
Klein (TIM) |
| 10. |
Spun Yarn Technology |
Eric OxtobyButterworths, London |
| 11. |
Cotton Spinning Calculation |
Taggart |
| 12. |
Essential Calculations of Practical Cotton Spinning |
Pattabhiram |
| 13. |
Spinning Calculation |
ShreeNivasan Murthy |
