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Knowledge of surveying in respect of Land Survey and measurement is essential to all of the Engineering students. Any project can take off only after proper conduct of the desired survey work and preparation of the necessary map using the physical data. For these the knowledge of Land Survey is essential. The students must also develop the skill to measure by proper use of Survey instruction through the knowledge of surveying so that the technicians can fix the slope of floor. Conveyors, waste and water pipe-lines and fix the height of machines and chimneys. The following topics and contents will fulfill the objectives. |
| CURRICULUM |
| SL |
Topics |
Periods |
| 1. |
General Introduction |
05 |
| 2. |
Chain Surveying |
12 |
| 3. |
Compass Surveying |
09 |
| 4. |
Plane Table Surveying |
06 |
| 5. |
Levelling |
12 |
| 6. |
Theodolite and Layout of Structure |
06 |
| |
Total |
50 |
| CONTENTS |
| Topic |
Contents |
Periods |
| 01 - General Introduction |
05 |
| 01.01 |
Definition, Classification, Principle of Surveying.Scales: Plain, diagonal and vernier scales. |
|
| 02 - Chain Surveying |
12 |
| 02.01 |
Measurement of distance, different types of chain and tapes, testing of chain and its adjustment. Instruments used in chain survey, Ranging, Direct and Indirect Ranging, line ranger, error in length due to incorrect chain, chaining of sloping ground, error in chaining, Tape corrections. |
|
| 02.02 |
Chain Surveying, principle of chain surveying, surveying stations, base line, check line, tie line offsets, oblique offsets, booking field notes, field works. Instruments for setting-out right angles staffs and optical square, right angle with chain and tape, obstacles in chaining, cross staff survey plotting of chain survey. |
|
| 03 - Compass Surveying |
09 |
| 03.01 |
Purpose, use and comparison with chain surveying traversing. |
|
| 03.02 |
Compass: Prismatic and Survey's compass, its description. |
|
| 03.03 |
Bearing, meridians, type of bearing, Fore bearing and Back bearing, computation of included angles. |
|
| 03.04 |
Local attraction causes, errors corrections, Dip, Declination. |
|
| 03.05 |
Traversing with chain and compass, plotting of traverse survey. Closing error and its adjustment. |
|
| 04 - Plane Table Surveying |
06 |
| 04.01 |
Object and comparison with chain and compass surveying instruments used in plane table surveying. |
|
| 04.02 |
Setting up of Plane Table, Centering, Orientation and Levelling. |
|
| 04.03 |
Method of Plane Table Surveying:
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Radiation
-
Intersection
-
Traversing
-
Resection
|
|
| 04.04 |
Statement of two points and three points problem and their solution. |
|
| 04.05 |
Errors in plane tabling and their elimination. |
|
| 05 - Levelling |
12 |
| 05.01 |
Definition of terms used in levelling, instruments used in levelling and their description. |
|
| 05.02 |
Adjustment of the level, temporary adjustments. Bench marks, different types of B.M., change points, steps in levelling, Principle of levelling, reduction of levels, H.I. method, rise and fall method, booking of staff reading, examples on levelling. |
|
| 05.03 |
Classification of levelling, fly levelling, longitudinal & cross-sectional levelling. |
|
| 05.04 |
Curvature and Refraction. |
|
| 05.06 |
Elementary knowledge of Contours, Use and characteristic of Contour Lines. |
|
| 06 - Theodolite and Layout of Structures |
06 |
| 06.01 |
Introduction, different parts of the Theodolite. |
|
| 06.02 |
Temporary adjustments of the Theodolite. |
|
| 06.03 |
Measurements of horizontal and vertical angles. |
|
| 06.04 |
Introduction, application of principle of surveying for layout of structures. |
|
| Recommended Books |
| SL |
Title |
Author/Publisher |
| 1. |
Surveying and Levelling Part-I |
T.P. Kanetkar and S.V. Kulkarni. |
| 2. |
Surveying Vol. I |
B.C. Punamia |
| 3. |
Surveying |
Hussain and Nagraj |
| 4. |
Surveying and Levelling |
Agar |
| 5. |
 |
 |
| 6. |
|
 |
| 7. |
Plane and Geodetic Surveying Vol. I |
David Clark |
